Hydropneumatic pump



March 12, 1935. o. FONSON ET AL 1,994,341

'HYDROPNEUMATI C PUMP Filed Jan. 6, 1934 10 1:9 16 T i g];

Inventor;

lacfave $173012 4% flndrjqrl'hurfimile 6 01 1972 P 7% Attorney:

Patented Mar. 12 1935 'U'NlTED STATES HYDRoPNEtiMATio PUMP Octave FonSpn-and Andre Arthur Emile Giiftlh,

eiigssels, mason lg'iiifiii' said Gofliii assigaar 156 said Ame-emanate 1934, Serial Nb. 7055584 e In Belgium January 7; 1933 *3 dlai'fii's. (c1. zen-'90) menace relates a hycrmpaetaiaue primes in whieha gaseccs time; s'i'iehas are, is wai resses as any given sressare by a: a imam-under pressure siren as water iterates ma ns, the said liquid acarigeirecuy a es the easeeas scream thi- "e'h "mechanical ineass suei istens-erasure etc; b a

- ea icaiany the; cam is ecaceraea with that syee 6 pump eeareresser w'li" a name uriaertres iire is aaifiitceeat the ten-ear et a eynaeer in which there is neat bythe acwnwar and aev'v'araaieyeiaeat of; iih to its can W ightanl'te tii 'at'ien 6f the litiiiitl; opefates successively to aelfiiit the gaseees fluid or "ressieia the aarmssics er the news "uie the exhacst at same with; 's; the closing of the cuties opening at the cone pressed gaseous fluid. When compressors (if this type are autcma-tic, which general-1y desirable, they have the inconvenience of requiring; inside the body thereof,- mechanical members set in ac"- titiiiby the ficat. Furthermore if thefiiiic'tiom ing is entirely autematic the outlet of compressed gas is stopped during the exhaust of the liquid; which requires the provision of areceiver for the compressed gas. H i V For the principal applications contemplated,- for mstance for elevating beer or other liquids; it will be desirable to ensure a" cohtinuous supply .of compressed gaseous fluid, without. using compressed gasreservoirs or bottles; r-atus being destined for use such places as cafes; and the like, itis advisableto considerthe viewpoints of available space andof safety. Alto; and specially for elevating beer, it is et recognized fact that air preserved some time under pressure is harmful for beer, whereas air freshly 'coni= pressed and still saturated with water improves the beer ahdproduces a delicious and consistent froth; which lasts and prevents the product from becoming fiat. There is consequently, ifnot ab: solutely necessary, at least great advantagein compressingthe air only as it is immediately required, and this necessitates an apparatus having a coati ccts o'u'tWit, i t "functioning attainineally. hese 6 s and others Which Will accear hereinafter havf eiiiboiiied' the eem iressar according to this invention, to be particularly fie scribed and ascertained, reference being made to the aecempanynig crating in which Fig. 1 and Fig.- 2 are schin'a'tical vertical seeaens er are forms of constructions of the separates by way of eaameia L 1 "the ap iaratas 6f Figvl c'eniprise's two vertical, hermetically ciosed, cylindrical bodies, 1 and 1' These: appa which may be identieal in dixiiensions, or not. Each b'f 'saiilbesiesriowever is siiiiilar in constructie'n and comprises at the top a Valve 2, (-2) for adinissie'n or 211' iii of another Suitable gaseous fluid; tobe 'ooihpress'ed,-and a branching 3, (3') With a pipe 4 which leads to the barrel from which the liquid to be elevated This branching 3, 3' cemprises, in the caper portion thereof, a flap valve 5, (5') which prevent backward returnof the fluid to the yl-inde'r 1, 1"), and the layer portion thereof may be closed by a valve 6, (6') carried at the upper end bf a rod '7, (7') which eiitehdis' snag the entire height of the may l;,'(1') and has hired therecn a seat 8, (8) The rat 7 (7') may be s'lidably guided in bushings, but as is illustrated can be guided only by the neat which ria'fly the diameter of the cylinder; 7

'e hottfaiii ehd er rods 7, (7) carries a valve cap 9; (9")v"vhiohiieirfiially, by the weight of the float and of the rod; closes the entrance of a pipe 19, (10') starting 'at'tlie bottom of the cylinder ace tefrhihating as a horizontal cylinder 11, (11') fer" a fiistfin i2, (12') dieiilac'eable therein. The tyre iiistcns 1-2 and 12' are connected by means of a rod 13 having a pin 14 engaged in a slot 15 of the'operatihg lever 16 of a four-way cock 1'7. This 'cbk'controls simultaneously the pipe 18 from the water'm'ains, or any liquid under pressure, theclischarge piio'e 19', and two pipes 20, (20") leading t6 the bottom of the cylinders 1, (1")iespctive1y. g V. considering the ijbsition illustrated in the drawing; the cook 17 has connected. pipes 18 and 20',- also pipes '19 and 20. The Water under pressure frem 18 flouis'i-nto cylinder 1 filled with air 7 under atmospheric pressure; the water by rising in the cylinder compresses the air which, as soon as itre'aches the pressure required in pipe 4 for elevating the liquid, opens the flap 5 to flow in pipe 4; The air socompressed does not contact with any inoving mechanieal member such as a piston "with 'oil or grease and is therefore not contaminated by parts of'the apparatus but may be cleansed br pumped by passing it through a filter. The compressedair has only been in contact with waterand with the damp walls of the cylinder, and. has there'fbre been saturated with moisture which ismost favorable for the froth, and the taste ofbeer when delivered. When the water reaches ab'outthe equator of the spherical float 8, the latter is raised, closing the valve 6 and. opening the valve 9". The water then exerts pressure in the fcyliiider 11 displacing the piston 12' which turns the lever 16 and changes the cock the other way round, communicating pipe 20 with pipe 19 which discharges the cylinder 1' and brings the float 8 down again, and establishes communication between pipes 18 and 20, thereby allowing the water under pressure to enter cylinder 1 wherein the same cycle of operations is repeated. On the other hand, the displacement of the piston 12 produces the opposite displacement of piston 12 in its respective cylinder and the changing of the cock as soon as the float 8 rises.

By the provision of the servo-motor 11-11, the two compressor cylinders 1, 1' operate alternately, producing compressed gaseous fluid practically continuously. With one single cylinder, the production is forcibly interrupted while thecylinder is emptied of its water.

It will be understood thatthe valves 6, 6' are not absolutely necessary and that they are only provided as an additional safety in case the floats fail to descend, or if the cock fails to operate or develops a leak. The pipe 18 may comprise a safety cock. Practically, the app ratus functions automatically and without stop untilthe pressure inthe pipe and the barrel is equal to the pressure of the liquid in pipe 18. The apparatus then ceases functioning, and will start functioning again when a quantity of beer or other liquid has been taken from the barrel, or when the pressure in the barrel falls for any reason.

,It be will understood also thatthe cylinders 1, 1 can be fed with another gasthan air, or one cylinder can be fed with air and the other with another gas, the air and the gas then being mixed in a proportion which depends of the respective volumes of the two cylinders and of the positionof the floats in the two cylinders. In this pump, to attain the maximum eiflcienc for a given pressure of liquid, the diameter of-the valve operating the servo-motor and the float must have determined, calculated, dimensions and: weight, the calculations for which are based on the maximum pressure of the liquidwhich is used. However the pressure ofthe liquid, such as water from the mains may vary considerably, so that the apparatus will rarely function with the maximum efficiency.

The modification according to Fig.2 hasfor its object to obviate this inconvenience and to provide maximum eificiency for the apparatus for all pressures which can usually be contemplated. In this modification each cylindrical body is identical to those of Fig. 1, except that for the valves 9-97 are substituted cocks 21, 21' for the pipes 10,;10'. Both pipes open respectively into the two ends of a small cylinder 22 in which are displaceable two tandem pistons 23 having a rod 13 which operates the four-way cock 17 of the servo-motor. -The cock 17 is branched as between the pipe 18 from the mains, on the pipes 20.20 and on the dis,

charge pipe 19. Each of the cooks 21, 21 is op-, erated by a rod 24 connected to a rod 25 attached to a lower float 26. On the said rod 25 there is formed an extension carrying the pivot 2'7 of .a bell-crank lever 28, one arm of which forms a hook 29 cooperating with a fixed projection 30 inside the cylinder, the other arm being connected to a rod 31 carried bythe upper float 32.; In the lower position ofthe float 26, the cock 21 is, closed (left hand side of Fig. 2) and the float-26 cannot rise because the hook 29 is caught under the projection 30. The liquid by rising inside the cylinder will finally raise the float 32 (as on theright hand side of Fig. 2) whichproduces pivoting of the hook 29 and disengages same from the projection 30, thereby allowing float 26 to rise and j Patent is:

1. Hydro-pneumatic pump forautomatically compressinga gaseous 'fluid, by means of liquid under pressure, when the pressure in said reservoir falls below the pressure of said liquid, comprising in combination two cylindrical bodies, a one way inle't valve in the top portion of" said bodies for admitting gaseous fluid in same, a connection between the top portion of each of said bodies and the said reservoirs separately providing ayalve preventing return of ,the'fluid in eacli of,

said bodies, pipes separately connecting the bot-j m of h c l n cal b to a o rw r q s at cdnduit e 'iir the when; a. a W i:

v 2. Hydro-pneumatic pump -ior, automatically compressing a gaseous fluid, by means of liquid.

under pressure, when the pressure in-saidreser- I voir falls below the pressure of saidliquid, com-, prising in combination two cylindrical bodies, a float in each of said .bodies, a one way inlet valve in the; top portion of said bodies .for admitting gaseous fluid in same, a connection between the topportion-of each of said bodies andthe said reservoirs separately providing a valve. preventing return'of the fluid in each of said bodies, pipes separately connecting the bottom of each cylindrical body .to a four-way cock,-..alternately connecting each cylindrical body with the source ofliquid under pressure, and alternately the other cylindrical body with an exhaust, two oppositely disposed cylinders connected respectivelyto the bottom of the. two cylindrical bodies, two oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinders connected by a common rod to the operating lever otthe four-way cock, the float in each cylindrical body being integral with a vertical rod 'carrying'at the lower end thereof a valve normally closing communication between the respective cylindrical body and cylinder and thetop'endthereof a second valve, the float being disposed at such a-height on said rod that when the respective cylindrical body-is full of liquid the upward movement of the float causes said second valve to close conununi cation with the .said reservoirs, whilst said first valve to open, whereby pressure of the liquidon the respective piston will operate changeover of the four-waycock.

3. Hydro-pneumatic pump for automatically compressing a gaseous fluid, bymeans of liquid under pressure, when the pressureingsaid reservoir falls below the pressure of said liquid, comprising in combination two cylindrical bodies, a one way inlet valve for admitting gaseous fluid in same, a connection between the top portion of each of said bodies and the said reservoirs separately providing a valve preventing return of the fluid in each of said bodies, pipes separately connecting the bottom of each cylindrical body to a four-way cock, alternately connecting each cylindrical body with the source of liquid under pressure, and alternately the other cylindrical body with an exhaust, two oppositely disposed cylinders connected respectively to the bottom of the two cylindrical bodies, two oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinders connected by a common rod to the operating lever of the four-way cook, a float in the bottom portion of each of said cylindrical bodies operatively connected to a valve allowing connection with the respective cylinder, means holding said float in a lower position whereby said last mentioned valve is closed, and a second float connected to said means and situated in the upper portion of said cylindrical body, whereby the liquid under pressure reaching the top of each cylindrical body will lift said second float thereby ANDRE ARTHUR EMILE GOFFIN. 

